Plural Publishing's Consulting Editors are some of the leaders in our profession who guide Plural's vision for excellence by understanding the needs of the professionals we serve.

Audiology

Brad Stach, Ph.D., (Editor-in-Chief), is Director of the Division of Audiology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, of the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan. Dr. Stach has served in audiology leadership positions in Houston, Washington, D.C., Palo Alto, Halifax, and St. Louis. He has also held faculty appointments at the Baylor College of Medicine, Georgetown University, Stanford University, Dalhousie University, Washington University of Saint Louis, and Wayne State University, among others. Dr. Stach is the author of a number of books, book chapters, and articles and is an editorial consultant for several professional journals. He was a founding board member of the American Academy of Audiology and has served as its President and the Chair of its Foundation Board of Trustees. Dr. Stach received an M.A. from Vanderbilt University Hospital and a Ph.D. from Baylor College of Medicine.

David Baguley, Ph.D. , is the Head of Audiology at Cambridge University Hospitals, UK. His degrees include an MSc in Audiology (University of Manchester), an MBA (Open University) and a Ph.D. on tinnitus from the University of Cambridge. He has over 120 peer-review publications and is the author of several books and many book chapters. Dr. Baguley is a Fellow at Wolfson College, University of Cambridge, and is Visiting Professor at Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge and at the University of Bristol. Awards received by Dr. Baguley include the British Society of Audiology TS Littler Prize (1992), the American Academy of Audiology International Award in Hearing (2006), and the British Tinnitus Association Shapiro Prize (2005, 2008).

Sumitrajit Dhar, Ph.D., (Associate Editor) has studied Audiology and Hearing Science at University of Mumbai, Utah State University, and Purdue University. Dr. Dhar currently teaches and conducts research at Northwestern University and has previously been on the faculty at Indiana University, Bloomington. His research focuses on the theory and practice of otoacoustic emissions. Work in Dr. Dhar's laboratory is funded by grants from the National Institutes of Health.

Bre Myers, Au.D., (Associate Editor) is co-owner of Berks Hearing Professionals, a comprehensive audiological practice in Birdsboro, Pennsylvania. She earned her Master's degree in Audiology from Bloomsburg University, Bloomsburg, PA. She completed her clinical doctorate in Audiology at Salus University, Elkins Park, PA. Dr. Myers is also an adjunct faculty and onsite clinical supervisors at Salus University. Her main area of expertise is vestibular assessment and rehabilitation. She is author of The Vestibular Learning Manual, Plural Publishing (2011). She has presented at several state and national conferences. Dr. Myers is also active on her state academy's board of directors, where she has served as secretary and is currently President Elect.

Virginia Ramachandran, Au.D., Ph.D., (Associate Editor) is an Education and Training Specialist at Oticon USA, and formerly a Senior Staff Audiologist and Research Coordinator in the Division of Audiology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, of the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan. She received her Au.D. degree from Wayne State University, where she is an adjunct faculty member and the Coordinator of Clinical Education in the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders. Dr. Ramachandran is coauthor of the Basic Audiometry Learning Manual, Second Edition and Professional Communication in Audiology from Plural Publishing and has authored several articles. She currently serves as the President of the Michigan Academy of Audiology. She also serves on the Board of Directors of the Accreditation Commission for Audiology Education and on several state and national professional committees.

Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

Michael S. Benninger, MD, is the Chairman of the Head and Neck Institute at The Cleveland Clinic and is a Professor of Surgery at the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University. Dr. Benninger has been actively involved in the leadership of regional, national, and international medical organizations including the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS), the American Laryngologic Association (past-President), the Voice Foundation, the International Association of Phonosurgeons (President-elect), the American Rhinologic Society (past-President) and the Sinus and Allergy Health Partnership (Chairman). He is the former Editor-in-Chief of the journal Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the largest peer-reviewed journal in the world for that specialty, and has served on the Residency Review Committee for Otolaryngology and the Medical Advisory Board for WebMD.

Dr. Benninger has authored or edited several books, including The Singer's Voice, Techniques of Botulinum Toxin Injections in the Head and Neck, Classics in Rhinology, and two editions of The Performer's Voice, all published by Plural. He is a graduate of Harvard University and received his medical degree from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio and completed his residency at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation.

Michael Cunningham, MD, is currently Otolaryngologist-in-Chief of the Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement at the Children's Hospital Boston, and Professor of Otology and Laryngology at the Harvard Medical School. He completed Pediatrics training at the Massachusetts General Hospital and Otolaryngology training at the University of Pittsburgh. He has practiced as a pediatric otolaryngologist since 1989, for many years at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and more recently at the Children's Hospital Boston. He is the previous Director of the Harvard Residency Program in Otolaryngology, and serves as a member of the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) committee responsible for overseeing otolaryngology residency and fellowship training in the United States. n addition to graduate medical education, his principal clinical interests are congenital head and neck masses, vascular tumors and malformations, and pediatric sinus disease. He has played an active role in many professional societies, most notably as a past president of the American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology (ASPO) and a past chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics' Section on Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Surgery Advisory Panel. Dr. Cunningham is co-editor of the Plural book, Otolaryngology Prep and Practice published in 2012.

Michael Ruckenstein, MD, MSc, FACS, FRCSC, is Professor and Vice Chairman of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Pennsylvania, where he directs the Residency Training Program, the Balance Center, and the Center for Implantable Hearing Devices. He holds a specialty certification in Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and a subspecialty certification in Neurotology from the American Board of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. He has an active clinical practice focusing on medical and surgical diseases of the ear and skull base. His research focuses on the development of quality of life measures for diseases such as acoustic neuromas and Ménière's disease, as well as the pathophysiology of inner ear disease.

Robert T. Sataloff, MD, DMA, FACS, is Professor and Chairman, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Senior Associate Dean for Clinical Academic Specialties, Drexel University College of Medicine. He is also Adjunct Professor in the departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Thomas Jefferson University, the University of Pennsylvania, and Temple University and on the faculty of the Academy of Vocal Arts. Dr. Sataloff is also a professional singer and singing teacher, and he served as Conductor of the Thomas Jefferson University Choir over a period of nearly four decades. He holds an undergraduate degree from Haverford College in Music Theory and Composition, graduated from Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, received a Doctor of Musical Arts in Voice Performance from Combs College of Music; and he completed his Residency in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and a Fellowship in Otology, Neurotology, and Skull Base Surgery at the University of Michigan. Dr. Sataloff is Chairman of the Boards of Directors of the Voice Foundation and of the American Institute for Voice and Ear Research. He has also served as Chairman of the Board of Governors of Graduate Hospital; President of the American Laryngological Association, the International Association of Phonosurgery, and the Pennsylvania Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; and in numerous other leadership positions. Dr. Sataloff is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Voice, Editor-in-Chief of Ear, Nose and Throat Journal, Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Case Reports in Medicine, Associate Editor of the Journal of Singing, and on the editorial boards of numerous otolaryngology journals. He has written over 1,000 publications, including 42 books. His medical practice is limited to care of the professional voice and to otology/neurotology/skull base surgery.

Yvonne Chan, MD, FRCSC, (Associate Editor) is an assistant professor in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Toronto. Dr. Chan finished her otolaryngology residency training at the University of Toronto and subsequently completed a rhinology fellowship with Dr. Fred Kuhn at the Georgia Nasal and Sinus Institute. Dr. Chan obtained her medical degree and a Master of Science degree in the area of molecular genetics and molecular biology from the University of Toronto. During her medical training, she authored more than a dozen peer-reviewed publications. Dr. Chan's subspecialty interests include rhinology and advanced endoscopic sinus surgery. She authored the chapter "Endoscopic Frontal Sinusotomy" in Dr. David Kennedy's book Rhinology: Diseases of the Nose, Sinus, and Skull Base. She is a co-editor of the book Health Care Reform Through Practical Clinical Guidelines: Ear Nose Throat. Most recently, she is the associate editor for the world-renowned textbook K. J. Lee's Essential Otolaryngology, 10th Edition, in which she also authored a chapter entitled "The Nose, Acute and Chronic Sinusitis."

Justin S. Golub, M.D. is a otologist/neurotologist and assistant professor in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Columbia University Medical Cdenter at He provides both medical and surgical treatment of hearing loss, ear disease, balance disorders, and tumors of the lateral skull base. Dr. Golub attended medical school at Emory University, followed by Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery residency at the University of Washington in Seattle. During both medical school and residency, he spent an additional year performing regenerative medicine research, including for hearing loss. After residency, Dr. Golub completed a two-year accredited fellowship in otology, neurotology, and lateral skull base surgery at the University of Cincinnati.Dr. Golub is author of Otolaryngology Surgical Instrument Guide and co-editor of the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery: Clinical Reference guide with Dr. Raza Pasha.

Speech-Language Pathology

M. N. (Giri) Hegde, Ph.D., is Professor Emeritus of Communication Sciences and Disorders at California State University-Fresno. He is a specialist in fluency disorders, language disorders, research methods, and treatment procedures in Communicative Disorders. He has presented numerous lectures to national and international audiences and has been the recipient many distinguished awards. Dr. Hegde has authored several s, including A Coursebook on Aphasia and Other Neurogenic Language Disorders, Hegde's PocketGuides, and Assessment of Communication Disorders in Adults and Assessment of Communication Disorders in Children. He also has served on the editorial boards of scientific and professional journals and continues to serve as an editorial consultant to Journal of Fluency Disorders and the American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. Dr. Hegde is a Fellow of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.

Jeannette D. Hoit, Ph.D., CCC-SLP, is a Professor in the Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences at the University of Arizona and a speech-language pathologist. She is also a member of the core faculty of the national program for teaching Survival Skills and Ethics. She is a Fellow of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, past-President of the American Association of Phonetic Sciences, and has received a Distinguished Alumni Award from the College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University. Dr. Hoit's research focuses on speech physiology, with particular emphasis on normal aging and development, neuromotor speech disorders, and respiratory function and dysfunction, including ventilator-supported speech and speaking-related dyspnea. Dr. Hoit has a long history of editorial experience with over 20 journals, including her role as Editor of the American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology.

Audrey Holland, Ph.D., CCC-SLP, BC-ANCDS, Regents' Professor Emeritus of Speech and Hearing Sciences at the University of Arizona. She has served on the Advisory Council for the US National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders (NIH), is a member of the Secretary's Advisory Committee on Prosthetics and Special Disabilities and Associate Editor of the Journal of Communication Disorders. Dr. Holland has over 145 professional publications. She is a recipient of the Honors of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and received the Frank R. Kleffner Lifetime Clinical Career Award from the American Speech and Hearing Foundation. Dr. Holland is the author of the Plural book, Counseling in Communication Disorders: A Wellness Perspective, Second Edition (2013).

K Todd Houston, PhD, CCC-SLP, LSLS Cert. AVT, is a professor in the School of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology at The University of Akron, where he teaches courses on the topics of aural (re)habilitation, Auditory-Verbal Therapy, phonology/articulation, phonetics, diagnostics, connected health and learning, and professional practices. His areas of research include spoken language acquisition in children with hearing loss, auditory and visual perception of spoken language, parent engagement in the intervention process, the parenting role of fathers of children with hearing loss, the use of social media and social networking to support clinical practice, and telepractice as a service delivery model. He currently directs the Telepractice & eLearning Laboratory (TeLL), which is designed to evaluate the delivery of speech and language services to children and adults through telepractice service delivery models. The TeLL also functions as a preservice training experience for graduate students in speech-language pathology. Dr. Houston writes extensively on these topics and has published numerous peer-reviewed articles, editorials, and book chapters. He also is the author/editor of the Plural books, Telepractice in Speech-Language Pathology (2013), Assessing Listening and Spoken Language in Children with Hearing Loss (2014), and Telepractice in Audiology (2015).

Ray D. Kent, Ph.D., is Professor Emeritus of Communicative Disorders at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His research has included topics in speech science, speech development in children, and speech disorders in children and adults. He currently works with Dr. Houri K. Vorperian on a project involving acoustic and anatomic imaging studies of the vocal tract in typically and atypically developing individuals. In addition to more than 150 journal articles, book chapters, and reviews, he has authored or edited 16 books, most recently Clinical Phonetics, 4th edition (with L. D. Shriberg), The MIT Encyclopedia of Communication Disorders, Building a Research Career (with C. Ludlow), and Assessment of Speech Motor Disorders (with A. Lowit). He has served as Editor of the Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, Associate Founding Editor of Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, and Associate Editor for Motor Speech Disorders for Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica. Dr. Kent received the Honors of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association in 1994 and was awarded the Docteur Honoris Causa (Honorary Doctorate) from the Faculte de medecine, Universite de Montreal, in 1995. He is a Fellow of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, the Acoustical Society of America, and the International Phonetics Association.

Leonard L. LaPointe, PhD, received his bachelor's degree from Michigan State University and his master's and doctoral degrees from the University of Colorado. He is a Francis Eppes Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Communication Science and Disorders at Florida State University in Tallahassee. Dr. LaPointe has served invited visiting professorships in Australia, Hong Kong, and New Zealand, and also lectures worldwide. Dr. LaPointe has authored or co-authored 5 books, 35 book chapters, more than 80 journal articles, and presented more than 400 papers, lectures, or invited workshops in the United States, the former Soviet Union, several countries in Europe, Japan, Hong Kong, Australia, and the South American countries of Colombia, Argentina, and Brazil. He has received the Honors of the Arizona Speech-Language-Hearing Association, the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association and the Academy of Neurological Communication Disorders and Sciences, and the Clinical Career Award from the Florida Society of Speech Language Pathologists and Audiologists. His books published by Plural include Brain-Based Communication Disorders, Movement Disorders in Neurologic Disease, and Paul Broca and the Origins of the Brain.

Rahul Shrivastav, Ph.D., is Vice President of Instruction at the University of Georgia and formerly a Professor and Chair of the Department of Communicative Disorders, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. Dr. Shrivastav earned his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in speech and hearing sciences from the University of Mysore in India. He earned his Ph.D. in speech and hearing sciences from Indiana University Bloomington.

Robert (Bob) McKinney, M.A., CCC-SLP, is the lead Speech-Language Pathologist at the Sweetwater Union High School District. His caseload includes adolescents and adults with a range of disabilities, and he heads the district's Culturally/Linguistically Diverse Assessment team. He is on the part-time faculty at SDSU, where he supervises graduate students in the clinic and teaches undergraduate Phonetics. He also teaches and trains teachers at UCSD's English Language Institute. He holds an M.A. in Communicative Disorders, an M.A. in Education/TESOL, and an M.A. in International Relations. Bob is active in the California Speech-Language Hearing Association and has served on its board of directors.

Voice and Swallowing

Thomas Murry, PhD is Professor of Speech Pathology in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at Loma Linda University. He received his PhD from the University of Florida and his post-doctoral training from the Communication Sciences Laboratory, University of Florida. Dr. Murry has distinguished himself as a scientist, clinician, and educator in the areas of voice and swallowing. He serves on the Scientific Advisory Board of The Voice Foundation, the Advisory Board of the International Association of Phonosurgery, and on the scientific advisory board of the Pan European Voice Congress. His early research in voice science encompassed a wide range of voice related topics, including underwater communication systems, laryngeal cancer, performer's voice disorders, and laryngeal neuropathologies. His current research interests include voice disorders and issues in performers' voices and neurolaryngology. Dr. Murry has published over 150 peer-reviewed articles in national and international scientific journals and has presented over 500 lectures at conferences throughout the world. He has authored or edited 12 books on voice, speech, and swallowing and has contributed numerous chapters to various scientific texts and web sites. He received the Honors of ASHA in 2010, the highest level of distinction for that organization.

John (Jay) Rosenbek, Ph.D., is Professor in the Department of Communicative Disorders, College of Public Health & Health Professions at the University of Florida. He has practiced speech-language pathology for more than 35 years. Along the way he has earned the Honors of the Association and the Frank Kleffner Career Clinical Award for sustained clinical excellence. He maintains an active outpatient clinic. In addition, his research into treatment of swallowing and prosodic abnormalities continues. His research interests include the early identification of Parkinson's disease based on perceptual and acoustic speech abnormalities and neuroprotection. Dr. Rosenbek has edited many books for Plural Publications, including Dysphagia in Movement Disorders and Dysphagia in Rare Conditions: An Encyclopedia.

Voice/Singing

Brenda Smith, DMA, is Associate Professor of Music at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida, where she teaches studio voice, singer's diction and vocal pedagogy. She is the 10th annual winner of the Van Lawrence Award, a fellowship given by the Voice Foundation and the National Association of Teachers of Singing in recognition of achievements in voice science and pedagogy. A frequent clinician, Dr. Smith has presented her work on vocal health, choral singing, the aging voice, and voice science at music education conferences throughout the United States and Europe. With Dr. Robert T. Sataloff, MD, DMA, Dr. Smith is the author of Choral Pedagogy and the Older Singer (2012) and Choral Pedagogy (2006). Both textbooks, uniting vocal pedagogy, choral conducting and voice science, are published by Plural Publishing. Dr. Smith is the author of Cantare et Sonare: A Handbook of Choral Performance Practice, published by Hinshaw Music (2006). She is active in the Voice Foundation and serves on the Editorial Board for the Journal of Voice. Dr. Smith holds degrees from Westminster Choir College and the University of Maryland. She has served on the voice faculty at Westminster Choir College, Dickinson College, and Rowan University.

Karen Brunssen is Associate Professor of Music at the Bienen School of Music, Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois where she teaches voice and is Co-Chair of Music Performance. She is a frequent teacher, clinician, and adjudicator for organizations, colleges, and universities throughout the United States, Canada, and Europe. Presentations chronicle how changes in respiration, vibration and resonance impact realistic, age appropriate expectations for singing throughout a lifetime. She has done teaching residencies at Cambridge University, returns regularly to teach at the Zürcher Sing-Akademie in Switzerland, and taught at the International Institute of Vocal Arts in Italy, the Castleton Music Festival, and Dorian Opera Theatre. She is currently President-Elect of the National Association of Teachers of Singing, served as a Master Teacher for the NATS Intern Program, was 2016 NATS National Conference Program Chair, Governor of the Central Region, President of Chicago Chapter NATS, and is a member of the American Academy of Teachers of Singing. Her singing career spanned over 30 years throughout the US and Europe. She received her undergraduate degree from Luther College and has done graduate work at Yale University and Kent State University. In 2013 she was presented with the Weston Noble Award by Luther College.

Valerie Trollinger, M.M., D.M.E, is an Associate Professor of Music at Kutztown University of Pennsylvania and Adjunct Associate Professor at Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology. Her research work has focused mainly on child voice pedagogy, child voice development, vocal health issues in teachers, and more recently, laryngeal functions and issues in wind instrumentalists. Her degrees are from Indiana University Jacobs School of Music (Bloomington). In addition to being a professionally-trained singer, she is a professional bassoonist, and has performed with a number of ensembles including the Philadelphia Orchestra and the North Carolina Symphony Orchestra. She has published in music education journals and has presented research at international and national conferences concerned with music education and instrumental training. She has coauthored several chapters for Professional Voice, Science and Art of Clinical Care (4th Edition) with Dr. Robert Sataloff and continues to collaborate with medical colleagues in research on various areas of vocal health.

Tucker Biddlecombe is Associate Professor and Director of Choral Activities at Vanderbilt University's Blair School of Music, where he serves as conductor of the Vanderbilt Chorale and Symphonic Choir, and teaches courses in choral conducting and music education. In addition, he serves as Director of Blair's five-year Bachelor of Music/Teacher Education degree (Ma5) program offered in conjunction with Peabody College. Dr. Biddlecombe is a recipient of the Blair School's Faculty Excellence Award. In 2016, he debuts in his new role as Interim Director of the Nashville Symphony Chorus.

Since joining the faculty in 2012, Dr. Biddlecombe has re-invigorated choral activities at the Blair School of Music. Performance highlights include Haydn's Creation, Bernstein's Chichester Psalms, Brahms' Schicksalslied, Fauré's Requiem, Tarik O'Regan's Triptych, and Rutter's Mass of the Children performed for Blair's 50th Anniversary celebration. He created the annual Choral Prism concert, which has become one of the largest-drawing student performances of the Blair concert calendar. Other highlights have included a lecture-concert on the music of Robert Shaw and Alice Parker, a fully-staged production of Bernstein's MASS, and a centenary celebration of Benjamin Britten. He holds the Ph.D. in Music Education and a Master of Music in Choral Conducting from Florida State University, and a Bachelor of Music degree, with majors in Vocal Performance and Music Education, from the Crane School of Music at SUNY Potsdam.

Special Education

Jean L. Blosser, EdD, CCC-SLP is President of Creative Strategies for Special Education, an organization that provides consulting and training services to schools, departments of education, universities, and businesses interested in reframing and improving school-based services for students with disabilities. Throughout her career, she has focused on researching, developing, and implementing innovative and effective school-based services. Jean is passionate about creating systems that ensure special educators and speech-language therapists are providing outcomes-based, educationally relevant services.

Dr. Blosser received her BS in Hearing and Speech Sciences at Ohio University and her MA in Speech Pathology at Kent State University. Assuming a faculty position at The University of Akron changed her career path and set the stage for her future clinical, teaching, management, research, and mentoring endeavors. She completed her EdD in Higher Education at The University of Akron in 1986 with a focus on preparing professionals for employment. Throughout her tenure at The University of Akron, she transitioned to roles as Professor, Director of the Speech and Hearing Center, Director of the School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, and Associate Provost. Her teaching, clinical supervision, and research focused on improving service delivery in schools with an emphasis on collaboration with education partners and families. Throughout her career she has mentored hundreds of aspiring school-based SLPs, encouraging them to be innovative, to coach and to collaborate with their education partners, and to make their services educationally relevant and meaningful to children so they can participate and succeed in their classrooms.

She has been named Fellow of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, the American Council on Education, and the Ohio Speech and Hearing Association. She has authored numerous books, articles, clinical materials, and resources for related services professionals, teachers, and parents, including the textbook School Programs in Speech-Language Pathology: Organization and Service Delivery, Fifth Edition with Plural Publishing.

Joshua K. Harrower, PhD, BCBA-D, is the Lawton Love Distinguished Professor of Special Education in the Department of Teacher Education at California State University, Monterey Bay. He coordinates the special education credential programs and the certificate program in behavior analysis. Dr. Harrower received his doctoral degree from the University of California, Santa Barbara, and has more than 20 years of experience conducting research, working with school districts, and directing state and federally funded projects in the delivery of professional development, as well as preservice preparation of education personnel in the area of evidence-based instruction and behavior supports for students with autism spectrum disorder. His grant writing has resulted in more than $5 million in funding for personnel development and school climate transformation projects. Dr. Harrower's primary areas of scholarly interest include positive behavior interventions and support, autism spectrum disorder, applied behavior analysis, and pivotal response treatment.